Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of the Coastal Area Around Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Their Relations to Land-Use Types

The province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) has experienced significant changes in urbanization, industry, and tourism, making it one Indonesia's fastest-growing areas. Increased anthropogenic activity the coastal region may cause heavy metal contamination that zone to grow. Based on different land-use types, this study examined distribution metals, namely cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), surface sediment. It assessed feasibility sediment quality standards based Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines (CSQG). Nine stations made up sampling site, each representing a type, including mangrove ecosystem, tourist attraction, airport, harbor, mining area, bare land, shrimp pond, agricultural settlement. concentrations Cd settlement (with values 2.707, 2.955, 2.983, 2.873, respectively), Cu ecosystem 42.893) slightly exceeded corresponding Threshold Effect Level (TEL) value CSQG. Meanwhile, content other metals all land use types tends be low, even below Limit Detection (LOD). data level pollution area shows no connection between types. is brought by variety circumstances, such as fact human did not significantly contribute or were contaminated then spread forms case, runoff wind. This because variations salinity, estuary flushing, physical mixing dilution, chemical processes, sorption, complexation, cation exchange, redox reactions, affect how are transported water. government should create environmental regulations, laws, norms standards, more funding for cutting-edge scientific research, technical tools prevent